정의 / 설명
reported speech는 직접 인용 없이 발화 내용을 전달하는 방식입니다. 보고 동사가 과거형이면 시제 후퇴(backshift)가 자주 일어납니다.
핵심 규칙
- said / told / explained / mentioned 등을 사용
- 흔한 후퇴: am -> was, have done -> had done, will -> would
- say vs tell 패턴 구분: He said that... / He told me that...
- 대명사/시간/장소 표현도 바뀔 수 있다.
- 현재도 사실인 내용은 후퇴하지 않을 수도 있다.
예문
- He said that he was tired. - 그는 피곤하다고 말했습니다.
- She told me that she had left early. - 그녀는 제게 일찍 떠났다고 말했습니다.
- They said they would call later. - 그들은 나중에 전화하겠다고 했습니다.
- I told her that the meeting was cancelled. - 저는 그녀에게 회의가 취소됐다고 말했습니다.
- He said that the earth is round. - 그는 지구가 둥글다고 말했습니다.
자주 하는 실수
- ❌ He told that he was tired. -> ✅ He said that he was tired. / ✅ He told me that he was tired.
- ❌ She said me that she had left. -> ✅ She told me that she had left.
- ❌ They said they will call later. -> ✅ They said they would call later.