定义 / 说明
省略与替代能让高级英语更紧凑、更顺滑、重复更少。ellipsis 省去可由语境恢复的词；substitution 用 one/do so/so/neither/auxiliary 等替代重复内容。C2 中它们有助于形成高密度但可读的表达。难点在“平衡”：太少会啰嗦，太多会难懂。真正控制力是“减重复而不减清晰”。
关键规则
- 当省略内容从语境可恢复时用 ellipsis：Some agreed; others did not.
- 用 substitution 替代重复名词/动词短语/分句：the blue one, do so, I think so。
- 保证指代清晰，否则句子会发虚。
- ellipsis 常见于 并列结构、口语问句、回应。
- substitution 在正式写作中尤有用，可避免沉重重复。
例句
- Some supported the plan; others did not. - 有人支持该计划，另一些人不支持。
- I cannot attend, but she can. - 我不能参加，但她可以。
- I will take the smaller one. - 我拿较小的那个。
- He said it would work, and I think so. - 他说这可行，我也这么认为。
- If they refuse, we will do so as well. - 如果他们拒绝，我们也会这么做。
常见错误
- ❌ I will take the smaller thing. -> ✅ I will take the smaller one.
- ❌ He said it would work, and I think it. -> ✅ He said it would work, and I think so.
- ❌ Some supported the plan; others not. -> ✅ Some supported the plan; others did not.