定义 / 说明
分裂句（cleft sentences）用于把句中某部分“打上聚光灯”。它常用于纠正、对比或更清楚地组织信息。常见模式有 It is/was ... that/who ... 和 What ... is/was ...。与普通句相比，基本事实常相同，但信息焦点改变。它更多属于“信息结构”而非“基础语义变化”。
关键规则
- 用 It is/was + focused part + that/who + clause 强调某元素。
- 用 What + clause + is/was + focused part 强调结果/核心点。
- 人常用 who；事物或一般聚焦常用 that。
- 分裂句在纠正和对比中尤其有用。
- 日常简单写作中不要过度使用，以免风格过重。
例句
- It was John who called. - 打电话的是 John。
- What I need is time. - 我需要的是时间。
- It is the manager that decides. - 做决定的是经理。
- What surprised me was her answer. - 让我惊讶的是她的回答。
- It was yesterday that they arrived. - 他们是昨天到的。
常见错误
- ❌ It was John which called. -> ✅ It was John who called.
- ❌ What I need are time. -> ✅ What I need is time.
- ❌ It John was who called. -> ✅ It was John who called.