定义 / 说明
简化定语从句是某些关系从句的压缩形式。书面语中常用它来让句子更紧凑高效。主动意义常简化为 verb-ing，被动意义常简化为过去分词。只有在意义保持清晰时才可简化。应把它看作“信息压缩工具”，而不是完全不同的新结构。
关键规则
- People who live nearby -> people living nearby。
- The files that were sent yesterday -> the files sent yesterday。
- 主动简化常用 verb-ing。
- 被动简化常用过去分词。
- 仅当关系从句主语与被修饰名词一致时才可简化。
例句
- Students living nearby pay less. - 住在附近的学生付得更少。
- The files sent yesterday are ready. - 昨天发送的文件已准备好。
- People working in this office need passes. - 在这间办公室工作的人需要通行证。
- The products made in Italy are popular. - 意大利制造的产品很受欢迎。
- Anyone wanting more details can email us. - 想了解更多细节的人可以给我们发邮件。
常见错误
- ❌ Students live nearby pay less. -> ✅ Students living nearby pay less.
- ❌ The files sending yesterday are ready. -> ✅ The files sent yesterday are ready.
- ❌ Anyone wants more details can email us. -> ✅ Anyone wanting more details can email us.