定义 / 说明
有些短语动词是可分的,有些是不可分的。可分短语动词中,宾语常可放在 particle 后或动词与 particle 之间;不可分短语动词里,宾语必须放在整个短语之后。代词在这里尤其关键:在可分短语动词里,代词通常必须放中间。这个主题重要,因为错误语序会显得很不自然,甚至语法错误。
关键规则
- 可分短语动词可把宾语放中间:turn the music down。
- 若宾语是代词,可分短语动词通常必须分开:turn it down。
- 不可分短语动词必须连用:look after the baby,不是 look the baby after。
- 学每个短语动词时要连同其语序模式一起学。
- 常见可分短语动词:turn off, pick up, put on。
例句
- Please turn the music down. - 请把音乐调小。
- Please turn it down. - 请把它调小。
- I will pick you up at seven. - 我七点来接你。
- She looks after her younger brother. - 她照顾她弟弟。
- We need to work out the answer. - 我们需要算出/弄清答案。
常见错误
- ❌ Please turn down it. -> ✅ Please turn it down.
- ❌ She looks her brother after. -> ✅ She looks after her brother.
- ❌ I will pick up you at seven. -> ✅ I will pick you up at seven.