定义 / 说明
短语动词是“动词 + 小词（particle）”结构，如 up, out, on, off, after。这个小词有时只略微改变意义，有时会形成完全不同的新意义。短语动词在日常英语（尤其口语和非正式写作）中极其常见。由于含义并不总是字面可推，最好把它们当作完整表达来学，而不是拆开逐词学。它对听懂母语者和说得自然都很关键。
关键规则
- 短语动词结构是 verb + particle：turn off, pick up, look after。
- 有时意义直观：sit down。
- 有时不是字面义：give up = stop trying。
- 把短语动词当作整体记忆。
- 同一动词配不同 particle 会产生不同意义。
例句
- Please turn off the light. - 请把灯关掉。
- He looked after the child. - 他照看了那个孩子。
- We need to find out the truth. - 我们需要查明真相。
- She gave up smoking last year. - 她去年戒烟了。
- I will pick up the package tomorrow. - 我明天去取包裹。
常见错误
- ❌ Please turn the light off it. -> ✅ Please turn off the light. / Please turn it off.
- ❌ He looked the child after. -> ✅ He looked after the child.
- ❌ We need to find the truth out. -> ✅ We need to find out the truth.
提示
- 记笔记时把短语动词作为一个词条写下并附简义：give up = stop trying。