定义 / 说明
限定性定语从句提供名词的关键信息，告诉我们具体指哪一个。没有它，句子会失去重要意义。B1 级别主要使用 who、which、that，有时关系词可省略。这类从句常见，因为它能把两条短信息合成更清晰的一句。之所以叫“defining”，是因为它用于界定名词，而非补充可有可无的信息。
关键规则
- 人用 who：the woman who called。
- 物用 which：the car which broke down。
- 很多日常句中 that 可用于人或物。
- 当关系词作宾语时可省略：the book (that) I bought。
- 限定性定语从句不用逗号。
例句
- The person who called you is here. - 给你打电话的人在这儿。
- This is the book that I told you about. - 这就是我跟你提过的那本书。
- The app which we use is free. - 我们用的这个应用是免费的。
- The man I met yesterday works in finance. - 我昨天见到的那个人在金融行业工作。
- I need a laptop that runs this software. - 我需要一台能跑这个软件的笔记本。
常见错误
- ❌ My brother, who lives next door is a doctor. -> ✅ My brother who lives next door is a doctor.
- ❌ This is the book what I bought. -> ✅ This is the book that I bought.
- ❌ The woman which called me was polite. -> ✅ The woman who called me was polite.