Definition / Explanation
Advanced grammar control includes knowing not only what reporting verb to choose, but also what pattern follows it. Some verbs take -ing forms, some take to-infinitives, some need an object before the infinitive, and some are followed by that clauses. For example, we say deny doing, advise someone to do, and insist that.... Errors here are common because the meaning may be correct while the grammar is still wrong. Mastering these patterns makes speaking and writing much more accurate and natural.
Key Rules
- Learn reporting verbs as verb + pattern, not as single words.
- Common patterns: deny + -ing, admit + -ing, advise + object + to-infinitive, persuade + object + to-infinitive.
- Use insist that + clause or insist on + -ing/noun, depending on the meaning.
- Do not assume that similar meanings take the same grammar.
- Dictionaries often show the pattern clearly, and it is worth learning them as chunks.
Examples
- He denied taking the money.
- They advised me to wait.
- She insisted that she was right.
- We persuaded him to apply.
- The minister admitted making a mistake.
Common Mistakes
- ❌ He denied to take the money. -> ✅ He denied taking the money.
- ❌ They advised to wait. -> ✅ They advised me to wait. / ✅ They advised waiting.
- ❌ She insisted to leave early. -> ✅ She insisted on leaving early. / ✅ She insisted that she should leave early.